game-of-life/GameOfLife/GameOfLifeBase.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using GameOfLife.Entities;

namespace GameOfLife
{
    public abstract class LifeBase : ILife
    {
        public int Generation { get; protected set; }
        public int Population { get; protected set; }
        public abstract bool IsCellAlive(Cell cell);
        public virtual bool IsCellAlive(short x, short y) => IsCellAlive(new Cell(x,y));
        public bool AreAllCellsAlive(IEnumerable<Cell> cells) => cells.All(IsCellAlive);
        public bool AreAllCellsDead(IEnumerable<Cell> cells) => cells.All(c => !IsCellAlive(c));

        public bool ToggleCell(Cell cell)
        {
            var r = ToggleCell_Internal(cell);
            Population += r ? 1 : -1;
            return r;
        }

        protected abstract bool ToggleCell_Internal(Cell cell);

        public void IncrementGeneration()
        {
            Population = IncrementGeneration_Internal();
            Generation++;
        }

        protected abstract int IncrementGeneration_Internal();

        public abstract IEnumerable<Cell> LivingCells { get; }

        public static readonly short[,] NeighborOffsets =
        {
            { -1, -1 }, { -1, 0 }, { -1, 1 },
            { 0, -1 },             { 0, 1 },
            { 1, -1 },  { 1, 0 },  { 1, 1 },
        };

        public byte GetNeighborCount(short x, short y)
        {
            byte numberOfNeighbors = 0;

            for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++)
            {
                numberOfNeighbors +=
                    IsCellAlive((short)(x + NeighborOffsets[i,0]), (short)(y + NeighborOffsets[i,1]))
                        ? (byte)1
                        : (byte)0;
            }

            return numberOfNeighbors;
        }

        protected bool ShouldLive(short x, short y)
        {
            var numberOfNeighbors = GetNeighborCount(x, y);

            var isAlive = IsCellAlive(x, y);

            return GameRule(isAlive, numberOfNeighbors);
        }

        protected bool GameRule(bool isAlive, int neighborCount)
        {
            switch (isAlive)
            {
                case false
                    when neighborCount == (byte)3:
                case true
                    when neighborCount == (byte)2
                         || neighborCount == (byte)3:
                    return true;
                default:
                    return false;
            }
        }
        public Tuple<Cell, short>[] GetNeighborField() => GetNeighborField(LivingCells);

        public static Tuple<Cell, short>[] GetNeighborField(IEnumerable<Cell> world)
        {
            var neighborCount = new Dictionary<Cell, short>();

            foreach (var cell in world)
            {
                for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                {
                    var xOffset = LifeBase.NeighborOffsets[i, 0];
                    var yOffset = LifeBase.NeighborOffsets[i, 1];
                    var neighbor =
                        new Cell(
                            (cell.Item1 + xOffset),
                            (cell.Item2 + yOffset));
                    if (!neighborCount.ContainsKey(neighbor))
                        neighborCount[neighbor] = 1;
                    else
                        neighborCount[neighbor] += 1;
                }
            }

            return neighborCount.Select(pair => Tuple.Create(pair.Key, pair.Value)).ToArray();
        }

        protected static Tuple<Cell, short>[] GetNeighborField_Parallel(IEnumerable<Cell> world)
        {
            //var neighborCount = new Dictionary<Tuple<int, int>, int>();
            var neighbors = new List<Cell>();

            Parallel.ForEach(
                world,
                () => new List<Cell>(),
                (cell, loop, localNeighbors) =>
                {
                    for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                    {

                        var neighbor =
                            new Cell(
                                (cell.Item1 + LifeBase.NeighborOffsets[i, 0]),
                                (cell.Item2 + LifeBase.NeighborOffsets[i, 1]));
                        localNeighbors.Add(neighbor);
                    }

                    return localNeighbors;
                },
                finalNeighbors =>
                {
                    lock(neighbors)
                        neighbors.AddRange(finalNeighbors);
                });

            var neighborCount = 
                neighbors
                    .GroupBy(n => n)
                    .Select(n => Tuple.Create(n.Key, (short) n.Count()))
                    .ToArray();

            return neighborCount;
        }

        public IEnumerable<Pattern> FindPattern(Pattern pattern)
        {
            var variations = new Variations(pattern);
            var livingCells = LivingCells.ToList();
            foreach (var patternVar in variations)
            {
                var foundsCells = new List<Cell>();
                foreach (var livingCell in livingCells)
                {
                    var patternProjection 
                        = patternVar.Select(c => livingCell + c).ToArray();
                    var patternMatch = AreAllCellsAlive(patternProjection);
                    if (!patternMatch)
                        continue;

                    // check if surrounding cells are not alive
                    var boundaryProjection
                        = variations.BoundaryCells[patternVar].Select(c => livingCell + c).ToArray();
                    var boundaryMatch = AreAllCellsDead(boundaryProjection);

                    if (boundaryMatch)
                        yield return patternProjection.ToPattern();
                    
                    foundsCells.AddRange(patternProjection);
                    
                }

                livingCells.RemoveAll(c => foundsCells.Contains(c));
            }
        }
    }
}